Library of risk of bias tools

QHES

Study design(s) targeted by the tool Economic evaluationseconomic-evaluations
Additional details on designs Cost-minimization, cost-effectiveness, and cost-utility analyses
Tool area Health
Link to the tool Access the paper reporting the QHES tool

Details

Website
Primary publication Ofman J, Sullivan S, Neumann P, et al. Examining the value and quality of health economic analyses: implications of utilizing the QHES. J Manag Care Pharm. 2003;9(1):53-61.
DOI 10.18553/jmcp.2003.9.1.53
Guidance document
Training

None known – please contact us if you are aware of any training that should be listed here.

Language English
Translations

None known – please contact us if you are aware of any translations that should be listed here.

Record last updated 08/06/2026

Related tools and Publications

Previous versions

None

Updated versions

None

Related tools

None

Evaluations

None known – please contact us if you are aware of any evaluations that should be listed here.

Other publications

None known – please contact us if you are aware of any publications that should be listed here.

Key Criteria

Focuses on risk of bias, or makes a distinction between items that assess risk of bias and other aspects of study quality No
Offers a method to reach either a domain specific or overall assessment of risk of bias Yes
Tool developed for use across topic areas (i.e. not developed for specific clinical area such as physiotherapy or dentistry) Yes
Avoids recommending use of summary numerical quality scores No