Library of risk of bias tools

QERM scoring system

Study design(s) targeted by the tool Observational studies (mixed designs)observational-studies Randomized controlled trials (RCT)randomized-controlled-trial-rct Surveyssurveys
Additional details on designs NA
Tool area Health
Link to the tool Access the paper reporting the QERM Scoring system

Details

Website
Primary publication Research Quality Improvement Group*. The development of QERM scoring system for comprehensive assessment of the Quality of Empirical Research in Medicine - Part 1. J Postgrad Med. 2022 Oct-Dec;68(4):221-230.
DOI 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_460_22
Guidance document
Training

None known – please contact us if you are aware of any training that should be listed here.

Language English
Translations

None known – please contact us if you are aware of any translations that should be listed here.

Record last updated 05/06/2026

Related tools and Publications

Previous versions

None

Updated versions

None

Related tools

None

Evaluations

None known – please contact us if you are aware of any evaluations that should be listed here.

Other publications

None known – please contact us if you are aware of any publications that should be listed here.

Key Criteria

Focuses on risk of bias, or makes a distinction between items that assess risk of bias and other aspects of study quality No
Offers a method to reach either a domain specific or overall assessment of risk of bias Yes
Tool developed for use across topic areas (i.e. not developed for specific clinical area such as physiotherapy or dentistry) Yes
Avoids recommending use of summary numerical quality scores No